{"id":2014,"date":"2021-01-05T23:46:09","date_gmt":"2021-01-05T20:46:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wordpress-1316973-5388710.cloudwaysapps.com\/?p=2014"},"modified":"2026-03-25T21:14:24","modified_gmt":"2026-03-25T18:14:24","slug":"bagimlilik-nedir-ve-bagimli-birey-nasil-iyilesir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.healmeup.com\/blog\/bagimlilik-nedir-ve-bagimli-birey-nasil-iyilesir\/","title":{"rendered":"Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k Nedir ve Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 Birey Nas\u0131l \u0130yile\u015fir?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u0130nsanlar y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca fiziksel ve ruhsal ac\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak, bilin\u00e7 durumlar\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fiklik sa\u011flamak ya da co\u015fku(\u00f6fori) yaratmak ad\u0131na merkezi sinir sistemine etki eden \u00e7e\u015fitli maddeleri kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr maddelerin v\u00fccuda al\u0131nmas\u0131 uzun d\u00f6nemde y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 etkiye neden olabilse de k\u0131sa vadede sa\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131 rahatlama ve co\u015fkun ruh durumu bireylerin madde kullan\u0131m\u0131na devam etmesine neden olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ya\u015fayan bireylerde ila\u00e7\/madde kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yayg\u0131n oldu\u011fundan s\u00f6z edebiliriz. Sabahlar\u0131 ay\u0131lmak i\u00e7in \u00e7ay ya da kahve, g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde ay\u0131k kalmak i\u00e7in sigara ve me\u015frubatlar, gev\u015femek i\u00e7in alkol ve ac\u0131y\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in a\u011fr\u0131 kesici ya da aspirin gibi ila\u00e7lar\u0131 g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde tercih edebiliyoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_80 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"cursor:pointer\">\u0130\u00e7indekiler<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.healmeup.com\/blog\/bagimlilik-nedir-ve-bagimli-birey-nasil-iyilesir\/#Peki_Bagimlilik_Nedir\" >Peki Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k Nedir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.healmeup.com\/blog\/bagimlilik-nedir-ve-bagimli-birey-nasil-iyilesir\/#Madde_Kullanim_Bozukluklarinin_Tedavisi\" >Madde Kullan\u0131m Bozukluklar\u0131n\u0131n Tedavisi<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Peki_Bagimlilik_Nedir\"><\/span>Peki Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k Nedir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k terimi Latince <em>addicere<\/em> \u201cmahkum olmak\u201d kelimesinden t\u00fcretilmi\u015ftir ve ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k tipik olarak; tolerans geli\u015ftirme, yoksunluk, niyet edilenden fazla madde kullanmak, ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z b\u0131rakma giri\u015fimleri, kullan\u0131lan madde y\u00fcz\u00fcnden fiziksel, psikolojik ve sosyal sorunlar\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fmesi gibi t\u00fcrl\u00fc belirtilerle karakterize edilen \u00e7ok ciddi madde kullan\u0131m bozuklu\u011funu tan\u0131mlamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kelimenin k\u00f6keninden de \u00e7\u0131karabilece\u011fimiz \u00fczere; madde ve alkol kullan\u0131m bozuklu\u011funa sahip bireyler en fazla damgalanmaya maruz kalan bireylerdendir. \u201cBa\u011f\u0131ml\u0131, alkolik vb.\u201d gibi terimler d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesizce ortal\u0131\u011fa savrulmaktad\u0131r. Hatta bu etiketlemeler bazen ki\u015fiyi i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu rahats\u0131zl\u0131ktan \u00e7ok daha fazla etkileyebilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Son y\u0131llarda yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ile ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n yaln\u0131zca bireyin kendi ki\u015fisel se\u00e7imleri ile geli\u015fmedi\u011fi biopsikososyal bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bir rahats\u0131zl\u0131k oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlamaktad\u0131r. Yani ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n geli\u015fmesinde; genetik fakt\u00f6rler, n\u00f6robiyolojik fakt\u00f6rler, psikolojik fakt\u00f6rler (duygudurum, ki\u015filik gibi), sosyok\u00fclt\u00fcrel fakt\u00f6rlerin etkileri g\u00f6zlenmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Madde kullan\u0131m bozuklu\u011funun etkilerine k\u0131saca bakacak olursak;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tarih\u00e7esi insanl\u0131k tarihi kadar geriye gidebilecek olan<em> alkol<\/em>: Araba kazalar\u0131, \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl alkol sendromu(\u00d6AS), karaci\u011fer sirozu, kalp krizi ve beyin kanamas\u0131 oran\u0131nda art\u0131\u015fa neden olabilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>T\u00fct\u00fcn kullan\u0131m bozuklu\u011fu<\/em>(\u00f6rne\u011fin; sigara), d\u00fcnya \u00fczerinde \u00f6nlenebilir \u00f6l\u00fcm nedenlerinin ba\u015f\u0131nda gelmekle birlikte; akci\u011fer kanseri, kalp krizi ve fel\u00e7ten \u00f6lme riskini maksimum seviyeye \u00e7\u0131karmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Kokain kullan\u0131m bozuklu\u011fu<\/em>; psikotik davran\u0131\u015flara, yeme ve i\u00e7me sorunlar\u0131na, beyin hasar\u0131 ve do\u011fal bir damar b\u00fcz\u00fcc\u00fc olarak damarlar\u0131 daraltmas\u0131 sonucunda doz artt\u0131k\u00e7a kalp krizi kaynakl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmlere neden olabilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kullan\u0131m\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f ve yasaklanm\u0131\u015f olan; marihuana, sentetik kannabinoidler, uyar\u0131c\u0131lar(amfetaminler, metamfetamin), hal\u00fcsinojenler(LSD, meskalin, sihirli mantar), ekstazi, PCP gibi di\u011fer maddeler de uzun vadede istenilmeyen, ki\u015finin i\u015flevselli\u011fini bozan durumlara neden olmaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Madde_Kullanim_Bozukluklarinin_Tedavisi\"><\/span>Madde Kullan\u0131m Bozukluklar\u0131n\u0131n Tedavisi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Madde kullan\u0131m bozuklu\u011fu tipik olarak m\u00fczmindir ve s\u0131kl\u0131kla tekrar madde kullan\u0131m\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fler g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k olarak da alanda s\u00fcrekli olarak kendini geli\u015ftiren tedaviler ile bu durumun \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mek hedeflenmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Madde kullan\u0131m bozukluklar\u0131n\u0131n tedavisinin ilk a\u015famas\u0131 genellikle detoksifikasyondur(ar\u0131nma\/maddeden uzak durma). Baz\u0131 maddelerin yoksunlu\u011funda bireyler a\u011f\u0131r krizler ge\u00e7irebilmekte ya da \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl olabilecek yoksunluk sendromlar\u0131 \u00e7ekebilmektedirler(\u00d6rne\u011fin; barbit\u00fcratlar, eroin). Bu durumlarda hekim kontrol\u00fcnde \u00f6ncelikle i\u015faret ve semptomlar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 ve \u00f6nlenmesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Psikolojik tedavi programlar\u0131ndan bili\u015fsel davran\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 terapi teknikleri ve motivasyonel g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler, alkol ve madde kullan\u0131m bozuklu\u011fu tedavisi \u00fczerinde etkili oldu\u011fu kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f y\u00f6ntemlerdendir. Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in bir ad\u0131m atmak, iyile\u015fmeyi sa\u011flamak ve uzun vadede bu iyile\u015fmenin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in ki\u015finin madde a\u015fermesini \u00f6nlemek, duygu kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc artt\u0131rmak, beklenmedik durumlar\u0131 y\u00f6netme becerisini artt\u0131rmak madde kullan\u0131m bozuklu\u011fu \u00fczerinde etkili olan ve davran\u0131\u015f de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fini peki\u015ftiren, ki\u015finin i\u015flevselli\u011fini tekrar kazan\u0131p maddeden uzak durmas\u0131na yard\u0131m eden y\u00f6ntemlerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6m\u00fcr boyu s\u00fcrece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcp tekrar madde kullanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek kaderciliktir. Ancak madde kullan\u0131m\u0131na giden yol gibi; var olan madde ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yenmenin de bir yolu her zaman mevcuttur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healmeup.com\/Danismanlar\/GokhanSeyhan\/2064\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">G\u00f6khan Seyhan<\/a><\/em><br><\/strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healmeup.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Psikolog<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u0130nsanlar y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca fiziksel ve ruhsal ac\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak, bilin\u00e7 durumlar\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fiklik sa\u011flamak ya da co\u015fku(\u00f6fori) yaratmak ad\u0131na merkezi&hellip;","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4085,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"csco_display_header_overlay":false,"csco_singular_sidebar":"","csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_post_video_location":[],"csco_post_video_location_hash":"","csco_post_video_url":"","csco_post_video_bg_start_time":0,"csco_post_video_bg_end_time":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[262],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-2014","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-psikoloji","8":"cs-entry","9":"cs-video-wrap"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.healmeup.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2014","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.healmeup.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.healmeup.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.healmeup.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.healmeup.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2014"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.healmeup.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2014\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5336,"href":"https:\/\/www.healmeup.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2014\/revisions\/5336"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.healmeup.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4085"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.healmeup.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2014"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.healmeup.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2014"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.healmeup.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2014"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}